Amsterdam is the capital of the Netherlands. The Netherlands, however, is run from The Hague, where the government and parliament are located. The city is located in the west of the country, in the state of North Holland. Founded in the 12th century as a fishing village on the banks of the Amstel river, Amsterdam is today the largest city in the Netherlands in terms of number of inhabitants and the most important city in cultural and monetary terms. Although 851,573 people live in the city according to the 2017 census, this number reaches 2.5 million with its surroundings.
Its name comes from the fact that Amstelredamme, which was the water dam ("dam") built on the Amstel river when it was created, was Amsterdam at the time.
Amsterdam, with its 17th-century buildings, is home to one of the most established urban textures in Europe. The old part of the city consists of nested canals in the form of the east. Some of the historic houses on both sides of these canals are used today as homes, others as public or private workplaces. In particular, Dam Square in Amsterdam is very famous and has attracted visitors from many parts of the world.
As in many parts of the Netherlands, in Amsterdam the canals were dug mainly to control the waters of the marshy area. It was also used for defense and transport. There are boathouses on certain canals. These are usually old boats or boats designed as houses from the start. Boat houses, which first appeared due to the housing shortage in the 60s and 70s, are not only a necessity but nowadays as a preferred way of life.
Famous inhabitants of Amsterdam include Anne Frank, artist Rembrandt van Rijn and Vincent van Gogh and philosopher Baruch Spinoza. The well-known Symphony Orchestra Concertgebouw ("concert structure") ("Concertgebouworkest") is located in Amsterdam.
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